默沙东新冠口服药莫诺拉韦胶囊于天津挂网，报1500元/瓶******
默沙东新冠口服药首发报价公示。
1月10日，天津市医药采购中心发布《新冠治疗药品莫诺拉韦胶囊首发报价公示》，公示显示，莫诺拉韦胶囊首发报价1500元/瓶，40粒/瓶，进口到岸价(不含税)介于1100元和1200元之间，主要国家价格712美元(约合4826元人民币)，公示时间为2023年1月10日至1月16日。
公告称，近日，国家医疗保障局办公室印发《新冠治疗药品价格形成指引(试行)》，2023年1月1日起批准上市的抗新冠病毒的创新治疗药品采取首发报价集中受理。杭州默沙东制药有限公司主动参照有关要求，就此前附条件批准上市的莫诺拉韦胶囊提交了首发报价和有关资料。
值得关注的是，默沙东将莫诺拉韦在中国境内的经销权和独家进口权授予国药集团。上海市政协委员、国药控股副总裁蔡买松在上海两会现场接受澎湃新闻记者专访时表示：“乐观估计，默沙东的新冠口服药莫诺拉韦有望于春节前在国内市面上进行销售。”
“目前主要是手续，操作层面的问题都可以克服。”对于莫诺拉韦进入国内销售的最新进展，蔡买松向澎湃新闻记者介绍，1月4日凌晨，首批新冠口服药莫诺拉韦已到达上海外高桥保税区仓库，“数量在几十万盒，现在每天都在陆续到货，后续也会持续进货。”
蔡买松介绍，默沙东作为一家全球化公司，有很多生产基地，从不同国家进口的药物进入国内都需要备案，目前相关部门都在进一步衔接，公司也还在等待相关部门的批复。
蔡买松向记者进一步补充道，接下来公司将要给药物贴上中文标签，标签可能这两天就会到，贴完以后根据厂家的指令，就可以覆盖到全国。
至于未来莫诺拉韦将率先到哪些渠道销售，覆盖哪些区域？蔡买松表示，未来进入市场后大概率是从大医院开始销售。而是否会下放到网络诊疗平台，蔡买松表示，后续以相关部门的指令为准，再进行协调。
去年12月29日，国家药监局根据《药品管理法》相关规定，按照药品特别审批程序，进行应急审评审批，附条件批准默沙东公司新冠病毒治疗药物莫诺拉韦胶囊(商品名称：利卓瑞/LAGEVRIO)进口注册。
莫诺拉韦胶囊为口服小分子新冠病毒治疗药物，用于治疗成人伴有进展为重症高风险因素的轻至中度新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)患者，例如伴有高龄、肥胖或超重、慢性肾脏疾病、糖尿病、严重心血管疾病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、活动性癌症等重症高风险因素的患者。患者应在医师指导下严格按说明书用药。
默沙东的莫诺拉韦胶囊是继辉瑞Paxlovid、河南真实生物阿兹夫定之后，第三款在国内获批的新冠口服药。
目前，Paxlovid和阿兹夫定都已经进入部分城市的社区医院，由医生开具处方使用。进医保价格，辉瑞1890元/盒(共30粒)，阿兹夫定270元/盒。
1月8日晚，国家医保局发布消息，国家医疗保障局医药管理司负责人介绍，“今年，共有阿兹夫定片、奈玛特韦片/利托那韦片组合包装、清肺排毒颗粒3种新冠治疗药品通过企业自主申报、形式审查、专家评审等程序，参与了谈判。其中，阿兹夫定片、清肺排毒颗粒谈判成功，Paxlovid因生产企业辉瑞投资有限公司报价高未能成功。”虽然Paxlovid未能通过谈判纳入医保目录，但根据相关要求，包括Paxlovid、阿兹夫定片、莫诺拉韦胶囊、散寒化湿颗粒等，医保都将临时性支付到2023年3月31日。
从新冠药物的产品使用上来看，据第十版方案介绍，莫诺拉韦胶囊适用人群为发病5天以内的轻、中型且伴有进展为重症高风险因素的成年患者。用法为800毫克，每12小时口服1次，连续服用5天。不建议在妊娠期和哺乳期使用。
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
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